在澳大利亚悉尼发现的一条19世纪的船已被带回现实，以展示澳大利亚国家海事博物馆by 3D scanning and 3D printing.
该船被称为Barangaroo船，在造船厂附近发掘了该船悉尼地铁for a new Barangaroo Station, and is expected to date back to around 1820. The site was taken over bysilentworld Foundation, an Australian non-profit focused on marine archaeology, history, culture, and heritage.
While the original boat is being prepared for display, the Silentworld team turned to Luxembourgish 3D scanner developer and manufacturerArtec 3d数字化每一块船和记录information they could. From the scan data, a replica of the boat is to be 3D printed and assembled as a test run before the team attempts the real thing in two to three years time.
“It was a development project that Sydney Metro was undertaking at several locations in Sydney city,” said Renee Malliaros, Project Manager and Maritime Archaeologist at Silentworld Foundation. “So, of course, they came across all sorts of maritime-related objects, including a little boat. Eventually, it was deemed safer for the object to be taken apart and to have each piece removed, recorded on-site, wrapped up, stored, and transported in refrigerated shipping containers.”
扫描Barangaroo船
一旦从现场挖掘出船，团队就开始数字记录该船，以找出他们可以从中可能出发的一切，并在原始船准备展示时将其从数字上重新创建。
为此，他们将Artec 3D的专业知识带入了每艘船的每片3D扫描，并生产了数字3D型号，可以从该模型中大规模打印船。团队使用了公司的旗舰ARTEC EVA 3D扫描仪for the job, a lightweight, portable 3D scanner capable of producing accurate, textured 3D scans of small to medium-sized objects.
“I have spoken with Renee many, many times over the last few years, and have been up to visit them once the initial shipwreck was delivered,” said Ben Myers, Director of 3D scanning at Artec 3D’s gold-certified partnerThinglab。“这是一个特别有趣且令人兴奋的项目；不仅是因为这艘船是有史以来最古老的澳大利亚殖民地制造的工艺品，而且是为了管理这种工艺。使用EVA记录每件作品，然后以数字方式重建这是令人着迷的。”
Due to the detailed and complex nature of the task, the team brought in Belgian 3D recording specialist and maritime archaeologist Thomas Van Damme who has substantial experience in digitally recording ship timbers in this way. The team were able to scan the pieces of the boat far quicker and more accurately than they could have done with other methods, such as 2D drawings or 3D contact tracing.
“3 d数字化接触,你只跟踪the features that the archaeologist thinks are important, but you’re missing some features,” said Van Damme. “What Artec Eva gives you is an objective 3D reproduction of the timber itself having both geometry and color.”
数字记录每艘船的能力（其中有近300艘船）对于该项目的成功至关重要，因为一旦拆开以避免被宠坏，就需要立即扫描这些物品。
Malliaros说：“使用Artec Eva进行扫描，其中一些作品很少，我只会在它周围拉过一次，将其翻转过来，再次将其拉动。”“我实际上很头晕，因为我走得这么快。捕获是如此的好和快速，我将其设置为实时融合，所以就像在我继续前进一样绘画。”
Processing and 3D printing the replica
Once the scan data had been collected, it was imported into 3D modeling softwareRhinowhere the team could highlight major features of the pieces. Scientific analyses of the fabric of the boat and the surrounding sediment are also underway.
“It is really important that we highlight the patterns – tool marks, nail-hold patterns, grain direction, compression marks, etc – because that’s all going to be really crucial data for later on,” continued Malliaros.
通过Rhino，该团队能够将扫描数据转换为一个月的300件零件中每件曲目的2D图，这比该组织的以前的跟踪方法要快得多，该方法将大约花费一年。
From this, scaled versions of each piece will be 3D printed and assembled as a practice run for the real reconstruction of the boat, which is expected to be attempted in two or three years’ time.
“Before work starts on the actual pieces of the boat, there will be a practice run just to see how all the pieces are going to fit together, and also what kind of support cradle system will be needed,” Malliaros added. “There will be a scaled-down jigsaw puzzle version of the boat, and once that is put together – cool! Now to do it for real.”
since the Barangaroo Boat, Malliaros has scanned three more shipwrecks, bringing the total number of boats discovered and 3D scanned by Silentworld Foundation to four.
“We look forward to building on our relationship to assist the Foundation with exploring how they can possibly utilize more of the Artec range,” said Myers. “We are hugely honored to have helped out in a small way to assist the Silentworld Foundation in recording and using the 3D data.”
3D scanning artifacts
3D扫描仪已被证明是将文物，古代文物和历史遗址数字化的有用且方便的工具。
For instance, thescan the Worldproject has opened up museum collections to a wider audience with free access tothousands of high-resolution scans，最近与Google Arts & Cultureto expand itsopen-source collection of 3D printable art。
Elsewhere, archivists at the得克萨斯州的时间museum have leveragedNVision’s3D扫描技术以保存数字古代捕食者的化石骨架，西班牙National Archaeological Museumutilized anACCIONA3D扫描仪创建一个replica of the San Pedro de las Dueñas Arch。
3D scanning technology has also been used to producereplicas of treasured statuesand历史雕塑, including adigital twin of Michelangelo’s David。
Most recently, theFraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research(IGD) developed an upgraded version of its robotic arm-mounted archival 3D scanner,the CultArm3D, designed to accurately capture and recreate 3D models of museum exhibits.
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Featured image showsthe Barangaroo Boat is thought to have been pulled up on shore at the end of its life, where it remained until it was unearthed during the excavations by Sydney Metro for the new Barangaroo Station. Photo via Irini Malliaros/Silentworld Foundation.
