Insiders and analysts have made their predictions on the 3D printing trends to watch out for. Find out more in our series focused on the3D打印的未来。
研究人员印度技术学院古瓦哈蒂（IIT Guwahati）已经提出了一种新颖的方式，将3D印刷工业废物纳入可持续的大型结构。
Leveraging an in-house-developed concrete, which uses local waste materials as a binder, and aDeltasys电子形成construction unit, the team has been able to 3D print a unique piece of ‘urban furniture.’ According to the engineers, such structures usually require a huge amount of material, labor and formwork, but using design optimization allowed them to reduce their concrete consumption by 75%.
Deltasys电子形式的技术
Deltasys电子形式由其现任首席执行官和CTO Virendra Kadam和Murlidhar Sutar于2018年创立，是一家位于印度的初创公司，专门从事大型挤出3D打印机的设计和制造。雷电竞app下载自成立以来，该公司一直在马哈拉施特拉邦和北卡纳塔克邦工业带上建立强大的客户群，并出售了250多个专有机器。
该公司的产品围绕其旋转de 10xandDE2003D printers. Both FFF machines, the former is designed to enable the production of precise, large-format parts and features a 500mm x 500 x 500mm build volume, while the latter is much smaller, but retains the ability to manufacture highly-accurate objects at layer resolutions of just 90 microns.
At present, Deltasys E-Forming both sells its systems, and offers to produce parts for clients on an on-demand basis, while targeting the rail, aerospace, automotive, naval and medical sectors. However, the firm is also low-key developing a third construction-oriented system. Though little is known about this printer, as it has been under wraps since 2019, it’s said to have a capacity of up to ten cubic meters.
进入低碳结构
IIT Guwahati团队引用了在住房，桥梁和其他基础设施的架设中部署3D打印的进步，该技术有可能“在建设实践中启动范式变化”，并具有特殊的承诺，并作为一种方式绕过传统霉菌铸造过程。
旨在试探这些想法,研究hers have deployed Deltasys E-Forming’s new system, which they’re报告自2021年以来，作为一个飞行员家具3D打印项目的一部分，一直在共同开发。
为了使结构能够在生产过程中打印而不崩溃，工程师最初将其设计为具有拱形的支撑扎实的作品and简化3D分别。该团队还为该项目开发了水泥混合物，据说将本地采购的材料用作粘合剂，从而使其在减少碳含量的同时更具凝聚力。
一旦他们建模并切割了家具设计，研究人员就以80毫米/s的速度和10毫米的层高度打印到3D，将其置于0.4 x 0.4 x 0.4m的座椅结构。虽然制造过程本身只花了20分钟才能完成，但据说椅子在打印后必须用潮湿的小袋覆盖七天，以便在使用之前将其固化。
Given the material, lead time and labor savings achieved using their novel material, the engineers say that it could yet have a “global impact on versatile construction applications,” and they now plan to investigate its underwater 3D printing potential, but IIT-Guwahati’s Director TG Sitharam is more cautious about its end-use viability.
“We [have] showcased how material-efficient structures can be produced in our lab-scale 3D printer,” said IIT-Guwahati director T.G. Sitharam. “[But] from an Indian context, techno-economic analysis must be carried out that takes into account not only environmental sustainability, but also aspects relating to the cost, quality, labor and maintenance associated with 3D printing.”
3D打印可持续建筑
While creating furniture using the IIT Guwahati team’s new carbon-light material is no doubt more eco-friendly than doing so from normal cement, the project is far from the first to come up with a more sustainable approach to construction 3D printing. As long as three years ago, Dutch design studioThe New Raw建立了一个零废物实验室在希腊，它还来自回收塑料的3D打印椅子。
In more recent developments, a team atETH Zurich’s Digital Building Technologies unit还公布了新颖的泡沫打印技术。据说，由再生废物制成，据说这种矿物泡沫可以沉积在复杂的模板中，并具有将几何学优化的平板施放的能力，从而使用户的混凝土消费量最多减少了70％。
在其他地方，在3D生物打印领域，麻省理工学院科学家已经开发了家具3D打印材料有可能减少完全使用木材或水泥作为原料的需求。利用一种类似于种植植物和肉类组织的耕种技术，那里的团队已设法人为地生产木单元，以后可能会内置在可持续建筑中。
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特色图像显示了研究人员的3D印刷“ Urban Furniture”。图片通过IIT Guwahati。
