The suffering caused by the loss of a body part is inestimable. However, the loss of a nose, is possibly one of the most distressing. Jane Frances from Changing Faces backs this up explaining that it is the most socially challenging out of all facial disfigurements. Our nose and eyes is usually the area where other people’s gaze is focused as they are part of the communication triangle of our face.
鼻子是这个三角形的中心，无论是否有意识，这通常是我们与之互动的其他人。如果在功能或形状方面有一些不寻常的事物，那么这尤其如此，并且最肯定的是，如果它完全缺少。
鼻子只能用类似的结构代替，这通常需要手术结构。但是，如果由于癌症而导致一个人的鼻子被清除，这可能并非总是可能的，因为常规监测是必不可少的。在这些情况下，舒适的假体是下一个最佳选择。对于儿童而言，由于面部结构仍在增长，并且假体可能需要几种手术程序将其连接到生长的骨骼，这有时是不可能的。
Another problem with prosthesis solutions is that not everyone has access to a service like this. For example, in developing countries there is a major lack of prosthesis services leaving tens of thousands of people suffering from the loss of their noses because of cancer or injury.
In the western world we are more fortunate, but the process is uncomfortable in many ways, and usually requires a lot of traveling, waiting and several encounters with doctors. Furthermore, even with advanced skills that enable the handcrafting of silicon polymer noses — the newly constructed nose many only last for 6 months.
3D打印鼻子
For those who followed the3D4D Challenge，FRIPP的设计和研究对在这一领域的工作并不陌生 - 该组织将其创新的项目排名第二，以构建用于医疗目的的软组织假体解决方案。
他们在这个领域工作了三年，他们的第一个客户的反馈非常积极。这个过程是如此容易，以至于她最初持怀疑态度，可以正常工作：
First a picture of her face was taken using an array of 3D cameras from different angles, another picture was taken with a regular camera to define her skin tone. Then a 3D CAD file was created using the 2D and 3D images in order to match the contours, texture and skin tone, so that there would no sign of joints between the face and the new nose.
一些材料测试工程师ted for biocompatibility and a starch material was identified that would fit the purpose of being soft and strong enough, and layer by layer it became the newly constructed nose. One final phase was required, soaking the nose in medical grade silicone fluid in order to make the nose strong.
The silicone soaking changes the colours of the material slightly, which was a problem at the beginning, but the team was able to adjust the original colour accordingly, so that at the end it would be a good match.
Source:Wellcome trust
