Carl Zeiss（Zeiss）是光学系统的制造商，宣布与两个总部位于巴西的组织建立研究合作伙伴关系，旨在推进该国石油和天然气行业中金属添加剂制造业的使用。雷电竞充值
Since January of 2021, the company has been working with non-profit research and technology organizationSenai和能源公司Petróleo Brasileiro(Petrobras). Together, the research group has started developing and validating new 3D printing methodologies for critical oil and gas components – a project which is expected to last another two years.
Specifically, the research focuses on the evaluation of laser powder bed fusion (PBF) and laser-based directed energy deposition (DED), two 3D printing technologies that already see extensive use in the sector.
Metal 3D printing in oil and gas
金属3D打印技术（特别是DED）为石油和天然气等重工业提供了许多好处。随着某些传统制造的零件延伸到多个月的交货时间，按需3D打印可以是紧缩项目时间表的生命线，将零件的生产时间（例如阀门，法兰和热交换器）降低到仅几周。使用添加剂制造也使公司雷电竞充值能够维修现有组件, which is impossible using traditional production techniques.
With more localized digital manufacturing networks, the logistical costs associated with part transportation and storage can also be significantly slashed. This bolsters profits for energy firms, while also reducing the overall carbon footprint of supply chains.
However, according to Dr. Edson Costa Santos, Senior Application Development Manager at ZEISS, oil and gas parts can only be 3D printed economically if there is “a precise understanding of powder aging and the influence of powder degradation on defects in the final parts.”
Disrupting the Brazilian oil and gas sector
The research project will see the partners using a multiscale, multitool computed tomography approach to develop new 3D printing process parameters for oil and gas components. The organizations hope to eventually gain a better understanding of the effects of powder aging and degradation, and how these factors influence a material’s suitability for end-use energy applications.
ZEISS, SENAI, and Petrobras have already laid out a jointly-defined roadmap for the work. Firstly, the international team will select a set of high-value and critical components to be 3D printed; this set will comprise both on- and off-shore parts. Then, the partners will select a set of appropriate raw materials for the 3D printed parts, which will be characterized for their processability, recyclability, and traceability.
倒数第二步涉及使用“新颖稳健”的实验方法开发和优化这些金属粉末的过程参数。这将确保材料与PBF和DED兼容，并且所选的油和天然气组件将被打印3D。最后，3D打印的零件将经过机械，磨损和非破坏性测试，以使其有资格获得最终用途。
ZEISS and its partners hope to achieve measurable results in the Brazilian 3D printing market by 2023, with hopes that the work will positively impact the country’s oil and gas supply chains in the long term.
In a similar vein, oil and gas firmVallourecrecently broke new ground in the offshore equipment manufacturing sector by designing and3D printing a safety-critical water bushing component这是第一次。为法国石油专业设计全部的据报道，该部分是使用电线弧添加剂制造（WAAM）工艺打印3D的第一个符合压力的组件。雷电竞充值
Elsewhere,DNV GL, a global certification and risk management firm, has previously released a 3D printing service specification document aimed at supporting additive manufacturing in oil and gas.Specification DNVGL-SE-0568defines the organization’s additive manufacturing qualification scheme and provides details on how to obtain and retain a number of the company’s 3D printing-related certificates.
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Featured image shows Petrobras’ Landulpho Alves Refinery (RLAM) in Brazil. Photo via Petrobras.
